Which U.S. government position was created as part of the National Security Act?

The U.S. government position created as part of the National Security Act of 1947 is the Secretary of Defense. This act was a significant reorganization of the military and intelligence functions of the federal government after World War II. It established the Department of Defense, which consolidated all branches of the armed services under a single department. Prior to this, the military branches operated independently, which was seen as inefficient, especially during the burgeoning Cold War era.

The Secretary of Defense was appointed to oversee this consolidated department and coordinate military strategies and operations more effectively. This role is critical for national security as it encompasses defense policy, resource allocation, and the management of military personnel, among other responsibilities.

By contrast, the positions of Secretary of State and Attorney General existed prior to the National Security Act, with the Secretary of State traditionally handling foreign affairs and diplomacy, and the Attorney General serving as the chief legal advisor to the government. The Chief Justice is the head of the U.S. Supreme Court and is not connected to the military or national security apparatus created by the act. Thus, the emphasis on the role of the Secretary of Defense reflects the United States' commitment to a more unified approach to national security and military strategy during a critical period in history.